XB-IMG-82536
Xenbase Image ID: 82536
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Fig. 5. XXBP-1 may be involved in the BMP signaling pathway. (I) XXBP-1 overexpression reduces neural induction by tBMPRI. At stage 9, animal caps were dissected from uninjected control embryos (AC) or embryos injected with either 0.4 ng XXBP-1, 1.6 ng tBMPRI, or 1.6 ng tBMPRI + 0.4 ng XXBP-1 mRNA into all blastomeres at the four-cell stage, and were cultured until sibling embryos reached stage 28. Neural and epidermal marker genes were analyzed by using RT-PCR with RNA from animal caps or intact embryos (st. 28 embryo). Overexpression of XXBP-1 attenuated the neural induction by tBMPRI. EK, epidermal keratin; RT−, control without reverse transcriptase. (II) Microinjection of XXBP-1 reverses tBMPRI-induced dorsalization. Phenotypes were examined after overexpression of either XXBP-1, tBMPRI, or both. (B) A secondary axis was induced by injection with 1.6 ng tBMPRI mRNA ventrally at the four cell stage. (C) Coinjection of 1.6 ng tBMPRI and 0.2 ng XXBP-1 mRNA ventrally at the four cell stage reversed formation of the secondary axis and caused posterior enlargement like injection of 0.2 ng XXBP-1 mRNA alone (D). Phenotypes of embryos microinjected into four blastomeres at the four cell stage were shown in (E). Two cement glands (arrows) were induced by tBMPRI alone (1.6 ng of tBMPRI mRNA) (E), but coinjection with XXBP-1 mRNA (1.6 ng tBMPRI and 0.4 ng of XXBP-1) reversed embryo dorsalization (F, G). Image published in: Zhao H et al. (2003) Copyright © 2003. Image reproduced with permission of the Publisher, Elsevier B. V. Larger Image Printer Friendly View |