Click here to close
Hello! We notice that you are using Internet Explorer, which is not supported by Xenbase and may cause the site to display incorrectly.
We suggest using a current version of Chrome,
FireFox, or Safari.
Nucleic Acids Res
1994 Nov 25;2223:5038-46. doi: 10.1093/nar/22.23.5038.
Show Gene links
Show Anatomy links
Replication fork barriers in the Xenopus rDNA.
Wiesendanger B, Lucchini R, Koller T, Sogo JM.
???displayArticle.abstract???
To investigate replication fork progression along the tandemly repeated rRNA genes of Xenopus laevis and Xenopus borealis, rDNA replication intermediates from dividing tissue culture cells were analyzed by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. Analysis of the direction of replication in the rRNA coding regions revealed replication forks moving in both directions. However, in both frog species, polar replication fork barriers (RFB) arresting forks approaching the rRNA transcription units from downstream were identified. Whereas in X. borealis the RFB maps to a defined site close to the transcription terminator, in X. laevis the arrest of fork movement can occur at multiple positions throughout a 3' flanking repetitive spacer region. A short DNA element located near the respective RFB sites is shared between these two related frog species, suggesting its possible involvement in the arrest of replication fork movement. In a subset of rDNA repeats, these barriers cause an absolute block to replication fork progression, defining the sites where replicon fusion occurs, whereas in the remainder repeats, most probably in the non-transcribed gene copies, the replication machinery can pass the RFB sequences and replicate the rRNA transcription unit in a 3'-to-5' direction.
Brewer,
The localization of replication origins on ARS plasmids in S. cerevisiae.
1987, Pubmed
Brewer,
The localization of replication origins on ARS plasmids in S. cerevisiae.
1987,
Pubmed Brewer,
A replication fork barrier at the 3' end of yeast ribosomal RNA genes.
1988,
Pubmed Brewer,
The arrest of replication forks in the rDNA of yeast occurs independently of transcription.
1992,
Pubmed Burhans,
Identification of an origin of bidirectional DNA replication in mammalian chromosomes.
1990,
Pubmed Burhans,
DNA replication origins in animal cells: a question of context?
1994,
Pubmed Cech,
Replication of the extrachromosomal ribosomal RNA genes of Tetrahymena thermophilia.
1981,
Pubmed Conconi,
Ribosomal gene clusters are uniquely proportioned between open and closed chromatin structures in both tomato leaf cells and exponentially growing suspension cultures.
1992,
Pubmed Conconi,
Two different chromatin structures coexist in ribosomal RNA genes throughout the cell cycle.
1989,
Pubmed Dammann,
Chromatin structures and transcription of rDNA in yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
1993,
Pubmed DePamphilis,
Origins of DNA replication in metazoan chromosomes.
1993,
Pubmed De Winter,
The ribosomal spacer in Xenopus laevis is transcribed as part of the primary ribosomal RNA.
1986,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Dhar,
Role of EBNA-1 in arresting replication forks at the Epstein-Barr virus oriP family of tandem repeats.
1991,
Pubmed Dijkwel,
Mapping of replication initiation sites in mammalian genomes by two-dimensional gel analysis: stabilization and enrichment of replication intermediates by isolation on the nuclear matrix.
1991,
Pubmed Fangman,
Activation of replication origins within yeast chromosomes.
1991,
Pubmed French,
Consequences of replication fork movement through transcription units in vivo.
1992,
Pubmed Gahn,
The Epstein-Barr virus origin of plasmid replication, oriP, contains both the initiation and termination sites of DNA replication.
1989,
Pubmed Hamlin,
Mammalian origins of replication.
1992,
Pubmed Hernández,
Conserved features in the mode of replication of eukaryotic ribosomal RNA genes.
1993,
Pubmed Hyrien,
Chromosomal replication initiates and terminates at random sequences but at regular intervals in the ribosomal DNA of Xenopus early embryos.
1993,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Hyrien,
Plasmid replication in Xenopus eggs and egg extracts: a 2D gel electrophoretic analysis.
1992,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Kobayashi,
Identification of a site required for DNA replication fork blocking activity in the rRNA gene cluster in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
1992,
Pubmed Labhart,
Functional difference between the sites of ribosomal 40S precursor 3' end formation in Xenopus laevis and Xenopus borealis.
1990,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Labhart,
Characterization of three sites of RNA 3' end formation in the Xenopus ribosomal gene spacer.
1986,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Lang,
The REB1 site is an essential component of a terminator for RNA polymerase I in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
1993,
Pubmed Linskens,
Organization of replication of ribosomal DNA in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
1988,
Pubmed Little,
Initiation and termination of DNA replication in human rRNA genes.
1993,
Pubmed Long,
Repeated genes in eukaryotes.
1980,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Lucchini,
Different chromatin structures along the spacers flanking active and inactive Xenopus rRNA genes.
1992,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Lucchini,
Chromatin structure and transcriptional activity around the replication forks arrested at the 3' end of the yeast rRNA genes.
1994,
Pubmed Mahbubani,
DNA replication initiates at multiple sites on plasmid DNA in Xenopus egg extracts.
1992,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Martín-Parras,
Unidirectional replication as visualized by two-dimensional agarose gel electrophoresis.
1991,
Pubmed McKnight,
Electron microscopic analysis of chromosome metabolism in the Drosophila melanogaster embryo.
1978,
Pubmed Miller,
Visualization of nucleolar genes.
1969,
Pubmed Moss,
More ribosomal spacer sequences from Xenopus laevis.
1980,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Reeder,
Regulatory elements of the generic ribosomal gene.
1989,
Pubmed Saffer,
Electron microscopic study of Saccharomyces cerevisiae rDNA chromatin replication.
1986,
Pubmed Sollner-Webb,
Transcription of cloned eukaryotic ribosomal RNA genes.
1986,
Pubmed Vogt,
The replication of ribosomal DNA in Physarum polycephalum.
1977,
Pubmed
