Click here to close
Hello! We notice that you are using Internet Explorer, which is not supported by Xenbase and may cause the site to display incorrectly.
We suggest using a current version of Chrome,
FireFox, or Safari.
Mol Cell Biol
1994 Mar 01;143:2011-20. doi: 10.1128/mcb.14.3.2011-2020.1994.
Show Gene links
Show Anatomy links
Identification of two steps during Xenopus ribosomal gene transcription that are sensitive to protein phosphorylation.
Labhart P.
???displayArticle.abstract???
Protein kinase(s) and protein phosphatase(s) present in a Xenopus S-100 transcription extract strongly influence promoter-dependent transcription by RNA polymerase I. The protein kinase inhibitor 6-dimethyl-aminopurine causes transcription to increase, while the protein phosphatase inhibitor okadaic acid causes transcription to decrease. Repression is also observed with inhibitor 2, and the addition of extra protein phosphatase 1 stimulates transcription, indicating that the endogenous phosphatase is a type 1 enzyme. Partial fractionation of the system, single-round transcription reactions, and kinetic experiments show that two different steps during ribosomal gene transcription are sensitive to protein phosphorylation: okadaic acid affects a step before or during transcription initiation, while 6-dimethylaminopurine stimulates a process "late" in the reaction, possibly reinitiation. The present results are a clear demonstration that transcription by RNA polymerase I can be regulated by protein phosphorylation.
Bachvarov,
The RNA polymerase I transcription factor xUBF contains 5 tandemly repeated HMG homology boxes.
1991, Pubmed,
Xenbase
Bachvarov,
The RNA polymerase I transcription factor xUBF contains 5 tandemly repeated HMG homology boxes.
1991,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Bateman,
Regulation of eukaryotic ribosomal RNA transcription by RNA polymerase modification.
1986,
Pubmed Bell,
Phosphorylation of yeast DNA-dependent RNA polymerases in vivo and in vitro. Isolation of enzymes and identification of phosphorylated subunits.
1977,
Pubmed Bialojan,
Inhibitory effect of a marine-sponge toxin, okadaic acid, on protein phosphatases. Specificity and kinetics.
1988,
Pubmed Buhler,
The presence of phosphorylated subunits in yeast RNA polymerases A and B.
1976,
Pubmed Cavanaugh,
Hormonal regulation of transcription of rDNA. Initiation of transcription by RNA polymerase I in vitro.
1986,
Pubmed Chao,
In vitro transcription of Drosophila rRNA genes shows stimulation by a phorbol ester and serum.
1993,
Pubmed Cohen,
Protein phosphatases come of age.
1989,
Pubmed Cohen,
Remarkable similarities between yeast and mammalian protein phosphatases.
1989,
Pubmed Culotta,
Eucaryotic transcription complexes are specifically associated in large sedimentable structures: rapid isolation of polymerase I, II, and III transcription factors.
1985,
Pubmed Dunphy,
Fission yeast p13 blocks mitotic activation and tyrosine dephosphorylation of the Xenopus cdc2 protein kinase.
1989,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Foulkes,
The regulation of glycogen metabolism. Purification and properties of protein phosphatase inhibitor-2 from rabbit skeletal muscle.
1980,
Pubmed Gokal,
Hormonal regulation of transcription of rDNA. Formation of initiated complexes by RNA polymerase I in vitro.
1990,
Pubmed Hartl,
Mitotic repression of transcription in vitro.
1993,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Holmes,
The protein phosphatases involved in cellular regulation. Primary structure of inhibitor-2 from rabbit skeletal muscle.
1986,
Pubmed Hunter,
The regulation of transcription by phosphorylation.
1992,
Pubmed Jackson,
Regulating transcription factor activity by phosphorylation.
1992,
Pubmed Jantzen,
Nucleolar transcription factor hUBF contains a DNA-binding motif with homology to HMG proteins.
1990,
Pubmed Kuhn,
The nucleolar transcription activator UBF relieves Ku antigen-mediated repression of mouse ribosomal gene transcription.
1993,
Pubmed Kuhn,
Dual role of the nucleolar transcription factor UBF: trans-activator and antirepressor.
1992,
Pubmed Kuhn,
3'-end formation of mouse pre-rRNA involves both transcription termination and a specific processing reaction.
1989,
Pubmed Labhart,
Characterization of two types of ribosomal gene transcription in Xenopus laevis oocytes.
1992,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Labhart,
A point mutation uncouples RNA 3'-end formation and termination during ribosomal gene transcription in Xenopus laevis.
1990,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Lofquist,
Promoter opening (melting) and transcription initiation by RNA polymerase I requires neither nucleotide beta,gamma hydrolysis nor protein phosphorylation.
1993,
Pubmed Lu,
The nonphosphorylated form of RNA polymerase II preferentially associates with the preinitiation complex.
1991,
Pubmed Lu,
Human general transcription factor IIH phosphorylates the C-terminal domain of RNA polymerase II.
1992,
Pubmed Mahajan,
Hormonal regulation of transcription of rDNA. Purification and characterization of the hormone-regulated transcription factor IC.
1990,
Pubmed McStay,
An RNA polymerase I termination site can stimulate the adjacent ribosomal gene promoter by two distinct mechanisms in Xenopus laevis.
1990,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase McStay,
A DNA-binding protein is required for termination of transcription by RNA polymerase I in Xenopus laevis.
1990,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase McStay,
xUBF and Rib 1 are both required for formation of a stable polymerase I promoter complex in X. laevis.
1991,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase McStay,
A termination site for Xenopus RNA polymerase I also acts as an element of an adjacent promoter.
1986,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Neant,
6-Dimethylaminopurine blocks starfish oocyte maturation by inhibiting a relevant protein kinase activity.
1988,
Pubmed O'Mahony,
Differential phosphorylation and localization of the transcription factor UBF in vivo in response to serum deprivation. In vitro dephosphorylation of UBF reduces its transactivation properties.
1992,
Pubmed Paule,
Polymerase I transcription, termination, and processing.
1993,
Pubmed Payne,
The transition of RNA polymerase II from initiation to elongation is associated with phosphorylation of the carboxyl-terminal domain of subunit IIa.
1989,
Pubmed Picking,
Fluorescence studies on the interaction of inhibitor 2 and okadaic acid with the catalytic subunit of type 1 phosphoprotein phosphatases.
1991,
Pubmed Schnapp,
A growth-dependent transcription initiation factor (TIF-IA) interacting with RNA polymerase I regulates mouse ribosomal RNA synthesis.
1990,
Pubmed Schnapp,
Trans-acting factors involved in species-specificity and control of mouse ribosomal gene transcription.
,
Pubmed Tower,
Transcription of mouse rDNA is regulated by an activated subform of RNA polymerase I.
1987,
Pubmed Vallett,
In vivo regulation of rRNA transcription occurs rapidly in nondividing and dividing Drosophila cells in response to a phorbol ester and serum.
1993,
Pubmed Voit,
The nucleolar transcription factor mUBF is phosphorylated by casein kinase II in the C-terminal hyperacidic tail which is essential for transactivation.
1992,
Pubmed Wilkinson,
Dinucleotide primers facilitate convenient identification of the mouse ribosomal DNA transcription initiation site. A general method for analysis of transcription by RNA polymerases I and III.
1983,
Pubmed Zandomeni,
Casein kinase type II is involved in the inhibition by 5,6-dichloro-1-beta-D-ribofuranosylbenzimidazole of specific RNA polymerase II transcription.
1986,
Pubmed
