Click here to close
Hello! We notice that you are using Internet Explorer, which is not supported by Xenbase and may cause the site to display incorrectly.
We suggest using a current version of Chrome,
FireFox, or Safari.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
2011 Oct 18;10842:17331-6. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1100733108.
Show Gene links
Show Anatomy links
Synergic reprogramming of mammalian cells by combined exposure to mitotic Xenopus egg extracts and transcription factors.
Ganier O, Bocquet S, Peiffer I, Brochard V, Arnaud P, Puy A, Jouneau A, Feil R, Renard JP, Méchali M.
???displayArticle.abstract???
Transfer of somatic cell nuclei to enucleated eggs and ectopic expression of specific transcription factors are two different reprogramming strategies used to generate pluripotent cells from differentiated cells. However, these methods are poorly efficient, and other unknown factors might be required to increase their success rate. Here we show that Xenopus egg extracts at the metaphase stage (M phase) have a strong reprogramming activity on mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs). First, they reset replication properties of MEF nuclei toward a replication profile characteristic of early development, and they erase several epigenetic marks, such as trimethylation of H3K9, H3K4, and H4K20. Second, when MEFs are reversibly permeabilized in the presence of M-phase Xenopus egg extracts, they show a transient increase in cell proliferation, form colonies, and start to express specific pluripotency markers. Finally, transient exposure of MEF nuclei to M-phase Xenopus egg extracts increases the success of nuclear transfer to enucleated mouse oocytes and strongly synergizes with the production of pluripotent stem cells by ectopic expression of transcription factors. The mitotic stage of the egg extract is crucial, because none of these effects is detected when using interphasic Xenopus egg extracts. Our data demonstrate that mitosis is essential to make mammalian somatic nuclei prone to reprogramming and that, surprisingly, the heterologous Xenopus system has features that are conserved enough to remodel mammalian nuclei.
Alberio,
Differential nuclear remodeling of mammalian somatic cells by Xenopus laevis oocyte and egg cytoplasm.
2005, Pubmed,
Xenbase
Alberio,
Differential nuclear remodeling of mammalian somatic cells by Xenopus laevis oocyte and egg cytoplasm.
2005,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Arnaud,
Stochastic imprinting in the progeny of Dnmt3L-/- females.
2006,
Pubmed Baxter,
Histone hypomethylation is an indicator of epigenetic plasticity in quiescent lymphocytes.
2004,
Pubmed Beddington,
Brachyury--a gene affecting mouse gastrulation and early organogenesis.
1992,
Pubmed Bernstein,
A bivalent chromatin structure marks key developmental genes in embryonic stem cells.
2006,
Pubmed Byrne,
Nuclei of adult mammalian somatic cells are directly reprogrammed to oct-4 stem cell gene expression by amphibian oocytes.
2003,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Egli,
Mediators of reprogramming: transcription factors and transitions through mitosis.
2008,
Pubmed Egli,
Developmental reprogramming after chromosome transfer into mitotic mouse zygotes.
2007,
Pubmed Feng,
Molecules that promote or enhance reprogramming of somatic cells to induced pluripotent stem cells.
2009,
Pubmed Gonzalez,
Induced pluripotency leapfrogs ahead.
2011,
Pubmed Gurdon,
Nuclear reprogramming in cells.
2008,
Pubmed Gurdon,
The transplantation of nuclei from single cultured cells into enucleate frogs' eggs.
1970,
Pubmed Hanna,
Direct cell reprogramming is a stochastic process amenable to acceleration.
2009,
Pubmed Hansis,
Nuclear reprogramming of human somatic cells by xenopus egg extract requires BRG1.
2004,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Hochedlinger,
Epigenetic reprogramming and induced pluripotency.
2009,
Pubmed Hochedlinger,
Nuclear reprogramming and pluripotency.
2006,
Pubmed Huangfu,
Induction of pluripotent stem cells by defined factors is greatly improved by small-molecule compounds.
2008,
Pubmed Irizarry,
Exploration, normalization, and summaries of high density oligonucleotide array probe level data.
2003,
Pubmed Jaenisch,
Stem cells, the molecular circuitry of pluripotency and nuclear reprogramming.
2008,
Pubmed Kanai-Azuma,
Depletion of definitive gut endoderm in Sox17-null mutant mice.
2002,
Pubmed Kikyo,
Active remodeling of somatic nuclei in egg cytoplasm by the nucleosomal ATPase ISWI.
2000,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Lemaitre,
Mitotic remodeling of the replicon and chromosome structure.
2005,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Li,
Nuclear transfer: progress and quandaries.
2003,
Pubmed Maherali,
Directly reprogrammed fibroblasts show global epigenetic remodeling and widespread tissue contribution.
2007,
Pubmed Moir,
Nuclear lamins A and B1: different pathways of assembly during nuclear envelope formation in living cells.
2000,
Pubmed Ng,
Epigenetic memory of an active gene state depends on histone H3.3 incorporation into chromatin in the absence of transcription.
2008,
Pubmed
,
Xenbase Niimi,
SOX7 and SOX17 regulate the parietal endoderm-specific enhancer activity of mouse laminin alpha1 gene.
2004,
Pubmed Park,
Reprogramming of human somatic cells to pluripotency with defined factors.
2008,
Pubmed Pevny,
A role for SOX1 in neural determination.
1998,
Pubmed Santos,
Epigenetic marking correlates with developmental potential in cloned bovine preimplantation embryos.
2003,
Pubmed Takahashi,
Induction of pluripotent stem cells from mouse embryonic and adult fibroblast cultures by defined factors.
2006,
Pubmed Taranger,
Induction of dedifferentiation, genomewide transcriptional programming, and epigenetic reprogramming by extracts of carcinoma and embryonic stem cells.
2005,
Pubmed TODARO,
Quantitative studies of the growth of mouse embryo cells in culture and their development into established lines.
1963,
Pubmed Wakayama,
Nuclear transfer into mouse zygotes.
2000,
Pubmed Wang,
Dynamic reprogramming of histone acetylation and methylation in the first cell cycle of cloned mouse embryos.
2007,
Pubmed Wernig,
In vitro reprogramming of fibroblasts into a pluripotent ES-cell-like state.
2007,
Pubmed Yamanaka,
Nuclear reprogramming to a pluripotent state by three approaches.
2010,
Pubmed Yang,
Nuclear reprogramming of cloned embryos and its implications for therapeutic cloning.
2007,
Pubmed Yeom,
Germline regulatory element of Oct-4 specific for the totipotent cycle of embryonal cells.
1996,
Pubmed Zhou,
Developmental potential of mouse embryos reconstructed from metaphase embryonic stem cell nuclei.
2001,
Pubmed
