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Figure 2. Resistance to reprogramming increases as cells differentiate. The extent of resistance to reprogramming (equivalent to a decrease in reprogramming efficiency) as cells differentiate, when tested by nuclear transfer (a–c), cell fusion (heterokaryon) (d) and induced pluripotency (e). Reproduced, with permission, from [15](a), [16](b), [5](c), [19](d) (but also see [100,101]) and [22](e). Abbreviations: ES, embryonic stem; ESRA, retinoic-acid differentiated embryonic stem cells.

Image published in: Pasque V et al. (2011)

© 2011 The Authors. Creative Commons Attribution license

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